Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) — Complete UK Guide

ESA Rates 2027/28 — Employment and Support Allowance Amounts

Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) rates for 2027/28 — the assessment phase rate, support group rate, and work-related activity group amounts. Contribution-based and income-related ESA.

Benefits information is based on current DWP and HMRC rules. Entitlements depend on your personal circumstances. For free personalised help, contact Citizens Advice or call the Universal Credit helpline on 0800 328 5644.

ESA rates for 2027/28 will be confirmed in autumn 2026. Current reference rates and how new-style ESA works below.

Last reviewed: May 2026. 2027/28 ESA rates will be confirmed in autumn 2026 and apply from April 2027. This page will be updated when confirmed.

ESA Rates — Reference 2025/26

Stage/Group Weekly rate (2025/26) Annual
Assessment phase (under 25) £90.50 £4,706
Assessment phase (25+) £114.10 £5,933
Work-Related Activity Group (WRAG) £114.10 £5,933
Support Group £138.20 £7,186

2027/28 rates to be confirmed autumn 2026.

ESA Rate History — Support Group

Year Support Group weekly rate
2022/23 £117.60
2023/24 £129.50
2024/25 £138.20
2025/26 £138.20
2026/27 TBC
2027/28 TBC

New-Style ESA vs Universal Credit — Comparison

New-style ESA Universal Credit with LCWRA
NI contribution required Yes (2 qualifying years) No
Means-tested No Yes
Time-limited in WRAG 365 days No
Support Group/LCWRA: time-limited No No
Standard weekly payment (Support Group equivalent) ~£138.20 ~£96/week (LCWRA element of UC)
Can be claimed together Yes — ESA deducted from UC pound-for-pound
UC housing element also available No Yes

UC with LCWRA element pays around £416.19/month extra (2025/26), roughly equivalent to ESA Support Group.

Work Capability Assessment — Groups

Support Group Work-Related Activity Group
Who qualifies Those with most severe conditions; cannot reasonably be expected to work or prepare for work Those who may be able to work in future with support
Work-related requirements None Must attend work-focused interviews; engage with activities
ESA rate (2025/26) £138.20/week £114.10/week
Time limit None (indefinite) 365 days on contribution-based ESA

ESA and PIP — Can I Get Both?

Yes — ESA and PIP are separate benefits assessing different things:

  • ESA / UC: assesses capability to work
  • PIP: assesses daily living and mobility needs

You can receive both simultaneously. In Universal Credit, receiving Enhanced Daily Living PIP may trigger the Severe Disability Premium element.

How to Claim New-Style ESA

New-style (contribution-based) ESA is the main route for people who cannot work due to illness or disability and have sufficient National Insurance contributions (2 qualifying years in the last 3 tax years).

How to claim:

  • Online: gov.uk/employment-support-allowance/how-to-claim
  • Phone: Universal Credit helpline 0800 328 5644 (or Jobcentre if not on UC)
  • You will need a fit note (sick note) from your GP covering the period of incapacity. Fit notes are formally called “Statement of Fitness for Work” but still widely known as sick notes. You need one for any period of incapacity over 7 days.

The 13-Week Assessment Phase

When you first claim, you enter a 13-week assessment phase before being placed in either the Support Group or Work-Related Activity Group. During the assessment phase:

  • You are paid at the lower assessment phase rate (£114.10/week for 25+, 2025/26)
  • A Work Capability Assessment (WCA) is arranged — usually a questionnaire (ESA50) first, then possibly a face-to-face or telephone assessment
  • You must continue to provide fit notes throughout

After the WCA, you are placed in the Support Group (higher rate, no work requirements) or WRAG (lower rate, work-focused activities required).

If You Disagree with a WCA Decision

If you are refused ESA or placed in the wrong group, you have the right to challenge the decision:

  1. Mandatory Reconsideration — request a review from DWP within 1 month of the decision
  2. Appeal — if mandatory reconsideration upholds the decision, appeal to the Social Security Tribunal (free to do, no legal knowledge required)
  3. You can remain on assessment-phase ESA during mandatory reconsideration and appeal

Statistics show a significant proportion of ESA refusals are overturned at appeal — particularly where proper medical evidence is submitted.

Sources

  1. GOV.UK — Employment and Support Allowance
  2. DWP — Benefit and pension rates