Pensions & Retirement

State Pension Guide UK — Everything You Need to Know

Complete guide to the UK State Pension. How much you'll get, when you can claim, how to check your forecast, NI gaps, deferral, and planning for retirement on the State Pension.

Pension information is based on current UK legislation. Pensions are regulated by the FCA and The Pensions Regulator. This is not financial advice — consider consulting an FCA-regulated financial adviser.

The State Pension is the foundation of retirement income for most people in the UK. Whether you’re decades away from claiming or approaching retirement, understanding how it works — and how to maximise it — matters.

The new State Pension replaced the old system on 6 April 2016. If you reached State Pension age after this date, you’re on the new system. The full new State Pension is £230.25 per week (£11,973/year) in 2026/27, but what you actually receive depends on your National Insurance record.

This hub brings together all our State Pension guides. Whether you want to check your forecast, fill NI gaps, understand deferral, or plan retirement on the State Pension alone, you’ll find everything here.

What Is the State Pension and How Does It Work?

The State Pension is a regular payment from the government paid to you once you reach State Pension age, funded by the National Insurance contributions you and your employers have paid throughout your working life. It’s not means-tested — it doesn’t matter how much you have in savings or private pensions. What matters is your National Insurance (NI) record.

The new State Pension (post-April 2016):

  • You need 35 qualifying years of NI contributions for the full amount
  • You need at least 10 qualifying years to receive anything at all
  • The full new State Pension is £230.25/week (£11,973/year) in 2026/27
  • Qualifying years can come from: employment with NI deducted, voluntary NI contributions, or NI credits (e.g. when claiming certain benefits, raising children, or being a carer)

The old basic State Pension (reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016):

  • Full rate: £176.45/week (£9,175/year) in 2026/27
  • 30 qualifying years needed for the full amount

How State Pension Age Works

The current State Pension age is 66 for both men and women. However, the government is planning increases:

Birth yearState Pension ageWhen they can claim
Before April 196066Currently eligible
April 1960–March 1977Rising to 672026–2028 (gradual increase)
After March 197767From 2028
Future legislation68 (proposed)2044–2046 (subject to review)

Your personal State Pension date is fixed based on your date of birth. To find your exact date, use the gov.uk State Pension age calculator.

The Triple Lock: How the State Pension Grows

The Triple Lock is the government’s commitment to increase the State Pension each April by the highest of:

  1. Inflation (measured by CPI in the year to September)
  2. Average earnings growth (measured May–July)
  3. 2.5% (a floor guarantee)

The 2026/27 increase of 4.1% was driven by earnings growth. The Triple Lock has raised the real value of the State Pension significantly since its introduction in 2011 — the full new pension increased from £179.60/week in 2021/22 to £230.25/week in 2026/27, a rise of 28% in five years.

The Triple Lock is politically contentious and has faced periodic threats of suspension, but it remains government policy as of 2026.

Why Your NI Record Matters More Than You Think

Every qualifying year of NI contributions adds approximately £6.58/week to your State Pension (£230.25 ÷ 35 years). A gap of just one year — perhaps from a career break, a period working abroad, or being self-employed with low profits — reduces your pension by £342/year.

Filling NI gaps voluntarily costs £824.20 per missing year (voluntary Class 3 NI contributions in 2025/26). At £342/year State Pension increase, that £824 is recouped in approximately 2.4 years of retirement. Given average life expectancy and the fact that the pension rises with the Triple Lock, filling gaps is almost always financially worthwhile.

You can currently buy back gaps going back to 2006 (a temporary extension; the usual window is 6 years). This window was originally due to close in April 2025 but was extended — check the State Pension NI Gaps guide for the current deadline.

Is the State Pension Taxable?

Yes. The State Pension counts as taxable income, but it is paid in full without any tax deducted at source. If your only income is the State Pension, it falls below the Personal Allowance (£12,570) in 2026/27, and no tax is due.

However, if you have any other income — a private or workplace pension, rental income, part-time earnings — the State Pension is added on top. Your PAYE tax code for other income will typically be adjusted to collect the tax owed on the State Pension portion. If you receive only the State Pension and nothing else, you won’t need to file a Self Assessment return.

When to Check Your State Pension Forecast

The best time to check your forecast is at least 5–10 years before you plan to retire. This gives you time to:

  • Identify and fill NI gaps at the current Class 3 rate
  • Defer the pension if you have other income and want to maximise the weekly payment
  • Plan how the State Pension fits alongside any private or workplace pensions

Log in to the Check Your State Pension service on gov.uk using your Government Gateway login. The forecast shows your projected amount, your qualifying years to date, and any gaps.

State Pension Essentials

The basics of how the State Pension works, how much you’ll get, and when you can claim.

Checking and Building Your Entitlement

Your State Pension depends on your National Insurance record. These guides help you check your forecast and fill any gaps.

Deferral and Timing

Should you take the State Pension as soon as you can, or delay for a bigger payment?

Working and State Pension

You don’t have to stop working when you reach State Pension age.

Survivors and Inheritance

What happens to the State Pension when your spouse or civil partner dies.

Retirement Planning

Planning your retirement income when the State Pension is your main source.

Key Facts at a Glance

Fact2026/27 Figure
Full new State Pension£230.25/week (£11,973/year)
Full basic State Pension£176.45/week (£9,175/year)
State Pension age66 (rising to 67 from 2026-2028)
NI years needed for full pension35 qualifying years
Minimum NI years for any pension10 qualifying years
Deferral increase rate~5.8% per year (1% per 9 weeks)
Triple lock guaranteeRises by highest of: inflation, average earnings, or 2.5%

Sources

  1. GOV.UK — Pension and retirement
  2. MoneyHelper — Pensions guidance